How Slavery And Colonialism Have Shaped Modern Societies The WritePass Journal

How Slavery And Colonialism Have Shaped Modern Societies Presentation How Slavery And Colonialism Have Shaped Modern Societies IntroductionThe present day entrepreneur monetary systemThe modern transformation and financial growthGlobalization and movements Racial inadequacy, reliance and twisted economiesConclusionReferences Related Presentation Subjugation is a framework including the treatment of individuals as wares or property, exchanged regularly with the end goal of constrained work. This training goes before put down account having existed in various societies. Generally remarkable in its scale was the slave exchange the pre-modern social orders with the most noteworthy being the trans-Atlantic slave exchange (Eltis and Engerman, 2000). Slaves basically from the western and focal Africa were sold by African slave vendors and inborn older folks to European slave merchants to be abused in an economical work power. They were then moved to states in North and South America and compelled to chip away at estates of espresso, tobacco, cocoa, cotton and sugar; in the rice fields; in the development business; in silver and gold mines; or potentially served in houses filling in as hirelings (Eltis and Engerman, 2000). Imperialism alludes to the foundation, obtaining, support, development, and abuse of a domain by individuals of different regions or their operators. A settlement alludes to the region constrained by another state or its specialists. Expansionism portrays a lot of inconsistent connections between pilgrim power and the settlers on one hand, bearing upon the province and indigenous populace on the other. The period from the fourteenth to the nineteenth hundreds of years was a time described by European imperialism in which a few European powers especially Portugal, Spain, France, Britain, and the Netherlands built up provinces in Asia, Africa and the Americas (Cooper, 2005). Both of these interests were intended to reinforce the nation of origin through agribusiness and financial adventures through the cooperation in universal exchange and misuse of new grounds, among different assets for capital benefit in rivalry with rivals principally under between industrialist competition for capital collection. They were especially significant in the financial improvement of private enterprise (Ferguson, 2003; Getz and Heather, 2010). This paper tries to build up if bondage as well as imperialism formed present day social orders and assuming this is the case, in what ways. In light of the commitment and impacts of subjugation and expansionism in forming current social orders, mechanical free enterprise, which thusly fixed the reliance on slave exchange, the steady monetary change, and the aggregate impact of ensuing financial and political advancements have essentially molded present day social orders in the worldwide field (Getz and Heather, 2010). It gets subsequently that in the drawn out slave exchange and expansionism added to the advancement of free enterprise which has brought about the proceeded with predominance of worldwide exchange and legislative issues, given their solid economies and political development. Resulting effects of subjection and expansionism adventures on present day social orders include: inconsistent social relations and racial inadequacy; neo-pioneer reliance; contorted economies just as enormous destitution, especially of the provinces, particularly in Africa. In positive light, the quest for subjection and expansionism made compelling courses for trade both adrift and ashore with improved framework and innovative advancement, just as in the spread of dialects, writing and societies which has added to current globalization (Henry and Sangeeta, 2004; Ferguson, 2003). The cutting edge industrialist financial framework Private enterprise is fundamentally a financial framework where speculation of capital (or cash) is utilized to create benefits. Variables of creation, for example, land, correspondences, processing plants and transport frameworks are exclusive by either people or enterprises exchanging a ‘free market’ whose fundamental element is rivalry (Hobsbawm, 1999). Students of history banter the commitment of slave exchange and imperialism to present day financial advancement with some having the view that the capital required originated from inside through mechanical turn of events. Notwithstanding, others contend that these overwhelmingly business interests, driven by contention in the journey for capital collection and colonialism (worldwide predominance), were the fundamental parts in the advancement of the comprehensively prevailing industrialist economy (Cooper, 2005; Henry and Sangeeta, 2004). The mechanical transformation and financial development The handling of crude materials and benefits from ranches sourced from pioneer regions and delivered transcendently through slave work offered ascend to mechanical turn of events and the formation of business, expanding general flourishing and essentially improving the economies of the Western countries (Eltis and Engerman, 2000; Ferguson, 2003). The mechanical unrest was upheld essentially by the facilitating of credit offices of new industrialists experiencing the protracted turnover time with credit contributions which are an imperative factor. This was empowered by contributions from the achievement and benefits from adventures and essentially, monetary bills sponsored by manor items like sugar and tobacco which turned into a type of cash and went into course, filling the nonappearance of adequate credit and loaning establishments required for mechanical turn of events (Eltis and Engerman, 2000). Through this arrangement of occasions, obviously subjection and expansionism prompte d the improvement of the cutting edge entrepreneur economy. The mechanical transformation and benefits acquiring from the endeavors of this period were generous with the beneficiaries getting rich and picking up influence in the political and social circles, consequently testing the strength of governments at that point (Rudâ'e, 1972). Development in free enterprise prompted the rise of financial organizations which gave security to property rights and to the more extensive society improving ventures. These establishments were additionally the aftereffect of the improvement of political foundations which served to compel the intensity of the governments and partnered gatherings (Rogowski, 1989; Hobsbawm, 1999). Through this, Britain and France, which were farther ahead in financial advancement introduced mechanical turn of events and parliamentary majority rule government with orderly freedoms, structures and procedures which exist and serve the cutting edge society universally right up 'til the present time (Ferguson, 2003). Globalization and relocations Different advantages and critical effects that this exchange and business has had on social orders today incorporate improved framework, innovative advancement, and the opening up of domains around the world which have been encouraged by entrepreneur popular governments; just as the spread of dialects, literation and culture globally (Hobsbawm, 1999). These have been huge in cultivating globalization. Most assembling towns and urban areas, exchange courses and ocean ports that were created during this period are still in administration in universal exchange. Additionally essential is the way that movement and relocations have brought about changes in ethnic structures of nations, especially those of colonizers and provinces, for example, the Americas (Getz and Heather, 2010). Racial inadequacy, reliance and mutilated economies There are anyway huge negative effects that these improvements have had which are apparent in present day social orders including inconsistent social relations which bring about racial mediocrity; neo-pioneer reliance; monstrous destitution; and twisted economies among others (Getz and Heather, 2010; Henry and Sangeeta, 2004). The strength of Western countries in the worldwide economy as set up through these adventures and sorted out under free enterprise has brought about disparities among countries and people groups over the globe. This is improved by imperialistic inclinations and neo-provincial reliance trademark in the connections of settlement states with their colonizers, just as neo-expansionism (Gallaher et al, 2008). This has brought about inconsistent social relations internationally and racial inadequacy, which to some extent are results of enormous neediness and contorted economies in most previous settlements. This is shown in the neo-provincial reliance of settlement states to previous colonizers which despite everything exists in present day social orders and the misshaped economies. At the point when one society ends up compelled to surrender capacity to another general public, it winds up in a type of underdevelopment, a subjection that keeps on being felt in present day social orders (Gallaher et al, 2008). This can to some degree clarify the destiny of African and Caribbean states which are portrayed by enormous neediness and socio-mental bewilderment. Underdevelopment has prompted social delineation and geographic abberations because of the conviction and view of people groups, for example, those of the creating scene as being racially substandard compared to the better-supplied people groups of the Western world. Ages of relatives from servitude keep on being influenced by partiality and dogmatism and constrained chances (Getz and Heather, 2010). End The view that servitude and imperialism has molded present day social orders has been clarified and the manners by which this impact has happened has been examined. It is viewed as that the industrialist financial arrangement of the cutting edge world emerged from abuses related or coming about because of slave exchange and imperialism which has prompted the monetary partition between the Western world states with those of the colonized, particularly the African states. This has prompted neo-frontier reliance, social separation and geographic inconsistencies which have brought about impression of racial inadequacy portrayed by partiality, bias and constrained chances. References Cooper, F., 2005. Imperialism in Question: Theory, Knowledge, History. Eltis, D., and S., Engerman, 2000. â€Å"The Importance of Slavery and the Slave Trade to Industrial

DB7&8 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

DB7 - Essay Example It ought not be where coaches supervisor students around as opposed to that, they ought to associate as companions and knowing each other by names. Studies have demonstrated that even a straightforward thing like tending to students by name supports the connection among them and the mentor (Wexler& Garry 2002). When managing a contention including students, a coach needs to think of a few systems to illuminate it. For this situation, the best peace promoter consistently comes out with an ideal method to stop the contention and ensure that it might never occur in future. When unraveling a contention, the coach should be of sound judgment and be as reasonable as could be expected under the circumstances. This must be accomplished if the coach is following the best possible peace making procedures. Unexpectedly, I encountered one occurrence where the coach would yell at the students who were clashing and request them stop and be companions or, in all likelihood he would remove them. My proposal to settling such a contention will include tuning in, understanding and attempting to determine the contention. Above all else, listening includes calling the two students and let them portray their side of story. In accordance with that, a mentor ought to likewise guarantee the other coach is tuning; along these lines he is certain they are imparting in the same spot. After the two learners have portrayed their accounts, clarify that you are there to help settle the contention. It is significant for the learners to comprehend that you don’t have an enchanted answer for their contention rather you are there to assist them with finding an answer. It is imperative to ensure that you keep up your objectivity in any event, when you know 100% that it is coach B that wronged mentor A. bouncing to mentors A side will cause coach B to feel like you are both ganging against him/her (Wexler& Garry 2002).. Keeping up the smoothness is essential: Anger obscures ones judgment. At the end of the day since the two gatherings are irate and perhaps nearly

What Does Gender Nonconforming Mean

What Does Gender Nonconforming Mean Relationships LGBTQ Print What Does Gender Nonconforming Mean? By Annabelle Bernard Fournier Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on March 12, 2019 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on January 31, 2020 More in Relationships LGBTQ Spouses & Partners Violence and Abuse In This Article Table of Contents Expand The Problem With Gender Roles Gender Nonconformity Transgender People Cisgender Privilege Non-Binary People Gender Is Fluid View All Back To Top Sex is a group of biological traits linked to reproduction. This is different, however, from gender. Gender is the set of roles, expectations, and scripts (generally called norms) that we ascribe to different sexes. Gender is socially constructedâ€"meaning that gender roles appear when humans live in groupsâ€"and can vary from culture to culture. However, every culture has a concept of gender and gender roles. In North America, we have two genders: men and women. Without thinking too hard, we can think of many sentences that stereotypically describe men and women in our culture: Men are stoic.Men are strong.Men are hard workers.Men are protectors.Women are gentle.Women are passive.Women are emotional.Women are motherly. The idea of gender conformity is based on these norms. This idea contends that people with penises are men and they should be stoic, strong, hard workers, and protectors. By the same logic, people with vaginas are women and they should be gentle, passive, emotional, and motherly. The Problem With Gender Roles Gender roles, despite existing wherever humans live together, can be oppressive and even harmful. A man can have a gentle and motherly character and be unable to express it because it is too feminine. A woman can be athletic and stoic and people will call her a tomboy. Women who dress in a masculine way are often thrown out of womens bathrooms. Men who dress in feminine ways are laughed at, bullied, or worse. When taken to an extreme, upholding gender conformity can cause violence and death. Trans women are assaulted and killed for simply being trans. Gay men and lesbians are also victims of violence because they are not attracted to the gender they are supposed to be attracted to. There are many structures, institutions, and beliefs that try to keep men and women in neat, separate boxes. When someone breaks out of the box, they are met with ridicule, disdain, and violence, with the ultimate goal of forcing them to conform. Gender roles limit what any person can do, and reduce a persons life to what he/she should do. It forces people to perform what is expected of them, rather than live authentically as who they feel they are. Gender Nonconformity Gender nonconformity is simply not conforming to gender roles. In practice, it can mean things as simple as a woman wearing a tie, or something as complex and life-changing as transitioning from one gender to another. There are obvious problems with using nonconformity as a way to describe people who dont follow gender norms. It implies that conformity is a good and desirable thing, rather than something that harms everyone. Most of us have something nonconforming about the way we live and express our gender. Some women dont wear makeup but otherwise dress feminine. Some men prefer to be stay-at-home dads. Living out every gender norm in our culture is an impossible task. However, researchers of gender and gender norms have known for a long time that seeing transgression of gender norms makes people uncomfortable. People who transgress gender norms are also seen as being lower in social status, not being straight, and having values that are radically different from our own. This discomfort comes from an ingrained human need to categorize people. And the most essential category we have for classifying humans is gender: is this person a man or a woman? This categorization allows a lot of other judgments to be made: if this person is dangerous, if this person is a potential mate, what this person possibly does for a living, and more. When we meet someone we cant categorize easily, we generally react with discomfort and confusion. Transgender People An important concern when it comes to gender conformity is how it applies to transgender people. Remember that transgender means identifying with a gender that is different from a persons assigned gender at birth. Transgender women are women who were assigned male at birth, and transgender men are men who were assigned female at birth. People who identify with the gender they were assigned at birth are called cisgender. (Cis means this side and trans means that side or across.) Transgender people are often required to perform their gender to an extreme in order to be accepted. Transgender women, for example, often feel forced to be ultra-feminine in ways that cisgender women dont have to be. Despite the inherent gender nonconformity of being transgender, there is even more pressure on transgender people to perform their gender identity in very visible and obvious waysâ€"this is so they can acceptably join whatever gender identity they align with. To do otherwise means to risk their acceptance as a man or a woman. Cisgender Privilege Looking at gender nonconformity and transgender performance of gender puts cisgender privilege into stark contrast. While transgender people are already at risk of violence simply for being transgender, they are further ostracized and oppressed if they do not perform their gender identity visibly and perfectly. On the other hand, cisgender people are allowed much more leeway in their gender presentation. A cisgender woman who doesnt wear makeup may be judged as unkempt or lacking pride in her appearance, but she is not likely to be called not a real woman. A transgender woman who doesnt wear makeup or wear high heels, however, might face much harsher penalties in society. She might experience anything from misgendering and exclusion to even physical violence. Similarly, a cisgender man who occasionally breaks gender norms is seen as a socially aware person and a positive role model, but a transgender man who wears makeup is sometimes automatically dismissed as fake. Non-Binary People Another issue to address when speaking about gender nonconformity is those who fall under the umbrella of non-binary: agender (who do not identify with any gender), genderfluid (whose gender changes across time), bigender (who have more than one gender) and other-gendered (whose gender is not part of the man/woman categories). Many cultures have some concept of a third gender or of non-binary gender identities. These people often occupy special or sacred roles in their societies. Being gender non-binary does not mean not ever performing gender in typical ways. Many non-binary people have more feminine or masculine presentations, while others prefer a gender-neutral appearance. Appearing feminine or masculine does not, however, cancel out their identity as non-binary. Again, we see cisgenger privilege at playâ€"a cisgender person can make more neutral appearance choices without having their gender identity dismissed, but a non-binary person often faces comments such as If you prefer feminine clothing, why dont you identify as a woman? Gender Is Fluid Gender is flexible and not necessarily related to biology. While the majority of the population has a cisgender identity, there are many who do not. The relaxing of gender roles since the 1960s has allowed a variety of different gender identities to come out. These identities have always existed, but social and cultural conditions often made it dangerous to express. Violence and oppression related to gender nonconformity is the most pressing problem related to this issue. We need to learn that gender is not a prescription for life, but rather a stage where people can experiment and express their authentic self. An Overview of Non-Binary Terms

Swing States - List and Definition

Swing states are those in which neither major political party holds a lock on the outcome of presidential elections. The term can also be used to describe a state whose electoral votes have a high probability of being the deciding factor in a presidential election. Swing states are also sometimes referred to as battleground states. More than a dozen states are considered swing states, and most of them hold a large number of electoral votes and are considered major prizes in presidential elections. Presidential campaigns focus on these states since the election is decided by electoral votes chosen by the popular vote of each state and not by a direct national popular vote. Safe states, on the other hand, are those where a majority of voters are expected to vote either for the Democratic or Republican candidate, so those electoral votes are considered to be safely on the candidate of that partys tally. List of Swing States The states most often described as being up in the air or ones that could side with either a Republican or Democratic presidential candidate are: Arizona:  11 electoral votes. The state voted for the Republican presidential nominee in 10 of the last 11 elections.Colorado: Nine  electoral votes.  The state voted for the Republican presidential nominee in seven of the last 11 elections.Florida: 29  electoral votes.  The state voted for the Republican presidential nominee in seven of the last 11 elections.Georgia: 16  electoral votes.  The state voted for the Republican presidential nominee in eight  of the last 11 elections.Iowa: Six  electoral votes.  The state voted for the Democratic presidential nominee in six of the last 11 elections.Michigan: 16  electoral votes.  The state voted for the Democratic presidential nominee in six  of the last 11 elections.  Minnesota: 10 electoral votes.  Ã‚  The state voted for the Democratic presidential nominee in each of the last 11 elections.Nevada: Six  electoral votes.  The state voted for the Republican presidential nominee in six of the last 11 electi ons.New Hampshire:  Four electoral votes. The state voted for the Democratic presidential nominee in six of the last 11 elections.North Carolina: 15  electoral votes.  The state voted for the Republican presidential nominee in nine of the last 10 elections.Ohio: 18 electoral votes.  The state voted for the Republican presidential nominee in six of the last 11 elections.Pennsylvania: 20  electoral votes.  The state voted for the Democratic presidential nominee in seven of the last 11 elections.  Virginia: 13 electoral votes.  The state voted for the Republican presidential nominee in eight of the last 11 elections.Wisconsin: 10  electoral votes.  The state voted for the Democratic presidential nominee in eight of the last 11 elections.   Texas is mentioned as a possible swing state in the 2020 presidential election. It voted for the Republican nominee in 10 of the last 11 elections, with Jimmy Carter in 1976 being the last Democrat to win the state. Swing Voters and Their Role States that shift back and forth between candidates of both major political parties in presidential elections could be evenly divided between voters registered Republican and Democratic. Or they could have large numbers of swing voters, those who tend to vote for individual candidates and not the party and have no loyalty to a party. The portion of the American electorate made up of swing voters ranges from about a quarter to a third between presidential elections, according to the Pew Research Center. The number of swing voters declines when an incumbent president is seeking a second term. Different Uses of Swing State The term swing state is used in two different ways. The most popular use of swing state is to describe one in which the popular vote margin in a presidential race is relatively narrow and fluid, meaning that either a Republican or Democrat could win the states electoral votes in any given election cycle. Others define swing states as those that could be the tipping point in a presidential election. For example, Nate Silver, a widely read political journalist writing on The New York Times blog FiveThirtyEight, defined the term swing state this way: When I employ the term, I mean a state that could swing the outcome of the election. That is, if the state changed hands, the victor in the Electoral College would change as well.

Business Premises Of The Company - 1335 Words

Business Premises Calypso Pty Ltd – a manufacturing and distributing company based in Perth Western Australia- has created a new energy drink titled ‘Alive’. The company has outsourced the production of the product to the Coca-Cola Amatil (CCA) in the Coca-Cola Bottlers at 19 Miles Rd, Kewdale Perth Western Australia 6105 (one of the largest bottlers of non-alcoholic ready-to-drink beverages). The business has decided to outsource as it will save Calypso Pty Ltd thousands of dollars, money will be saved on the purchase of machinery, on the training of staff to work, control and monitor the machinery whilst gaining the swiftness and expertise of the Coca-Cola Bottlers employees and on the purchase of a premises/ factory in order to†¦show more content†¦In regards to insurance Calypso Pty Ltd is associated with the Coca-Cola Amatil and therefore their leading property insurer, Vero and each year and provides its clients with detailed risk reports. In the most recent case of the Kewdale plant Coca-Cola Bottlers, Vero provided between 15-20 risk recommendations, which CCA went to great lengths to address as swiftly as possible. Production Process The manufacturing of the ‘Alive’ energy drinks begins with clarifying the water as the quality of water is crucial to the success of an energy drink because impurities, such as suspended particles, organic matter, and bacteria, may ruin the taste and color; this is done through the traditional process of a series of coagulation, filtration, and chlorination. Meanwhile the sugar

The Case of the Lightning Strike Free Essays

In forwarded e-mails across the country are many stories of frivolous lawsuits with huge payouts.   First, there is the story of Kathleen Roberson who won $780,000 after breaking her ankle tripping over her own son in a furniture store.   Carl Truman of Los Angeles won $74,000 when a neighbor reversed over his hand with a Honda Accord. We will write a custom essay sample on The Case of the Lightning Strike or any similar topic only for you Order Now    The court knew that he had sustained this injury in his attempt to steal the hubcaps, yet ruled in his favor anyway.   The case that I am about to present to you is almost as silly as the first two, but the tone of the article is perfectly serious one in a national publication (Reader’s Digest). Van Maussner and three of his friends went golfing at a country club in Atlantic City.   The skies were dark with rain clouds, but the sports enthusiasts would not allow it to put a damper on their time.   After they reached the 12th hole, Maussner was struck by lightning and nearly died of his injuries.   Later, he sued the course for negligence, as they did not have the â€Å"proper safety procedures in place to protect patrons from lighting†(Gerber, 152). He lost at the lower court, but won at the Superior Court who ruled, â€Å"injuries through acts of God don’t exempt courses from liability†(Gerber, 153).   Is it any wonder why frivolous lawsuits flourish when companies are liable for events beyond their control?   Whatever happened to checking the weather report before going out and a little thing called personal responsibility? This paper will examine the case of the plaintiff and isolate the flaws in his argument. First, the article mentions that the men â€Å"prided themselves on hitting the links throughout the year, regardless of the weather†(p. 151).  Ã‚  Ã‚   This point is relevant because it would imply that it did not matter what the weather channel or club personnel warned—they would have gone about their business regardless.   In fact, the club checked the reports before allowing them on the course in the first place since there was no mention of lightning in the forecast. In a similar case (Ned P. Harris v. United States of America) the plaintiff was going rock climbing when he was struck by lightning.   When it came to court, the judge dismissed the case because, â€Å"He saw no power in the plaintiff’s argument that the National Park Service was to blame for his current situation†(Percelay, 68). The second argument the plaintiff made was that there was no system in place to protect players from inclement weather.   In fact, the club had an evacuation process for more than 40 years: at the first sign of bad weather, employees would cart around the golf course and warn players off.   In fact, two caddies tried to get the group to seek shelter, â€Å"but the men decided against it†(Gerber, 152). Third, it was further argued that â€Å"the country club did not have signs posted about its evacuation plan, nor did it begin telling players to seek shelter at neighboring houses until after his accident.   If the club had proper precautions in place, he would not have suffered the injuries†(Gerber, 153).   Under U.S. Law, if a corporation has an evacuation procedure in place but does not utilize it correctly, it may be held liable. Under scrutiny was â€Å"whether the club [promoted safety] in the way it posted evacuation notices and monitored dangerous conditions, and if it should have built shelters and provided and audible signal†(Gerber, 153).   Would such a system truly prevent lighting strikes in the future?   History has shown a large number of people knowingly venture out in spite of unfavorable weather conditions, i.e. storm trackers, scientists, the curious, and the careless.   Anyone that exposes themselves willingly to extreme weather takes his own life in his hands. In sum, the article tried to achieve balance by including both sides of the story.   However, in creating sympathy for Maussner by implying the negligence of the country club, Gerber tacitly encourages the abdication of personal responsibility for universal liability if it includes the possibility of safety for everyone.   Also, frivolous lawsuits give rise to more frivolous lawsuits. Five years ago, (9 years after Maussner’s case was settled) obese teenagers sued McDonald’s for making them fat. â€Å"McDonald’s is responsible for their obesity because it did not provide the necessary information about the health risks associated with its meals†(Santora).   This was the first case of its kind heard in court.   In order for society to get back on track, people need to assume responsibility for their own choices and accept the consequences, whatever they may be. Works Cited Gerber, Robin. â€Å"You Be the Judge: When lightning strikes a golfer, is the country club at fault?† Reader’s Digest. August 2007, pp. 151-153 Percelay, James. Whiplash!: America’s Most Frivolous Lawsuits. Riverside, NJ: Andrews McMeel Publishing Santora, Marc. â€Å"Teenagers’ Suit Says McDonald’s Made Them Obese.† The New York Times. 21 Nov. 2002 Accessed 20 Aug. 2007 at http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?sec=health;res=9A0DE7DC1439F932A15752C1A9649C8B63 ; How to cite The Case of the Lightning Strike, Essay examples

Taking Risks Essay Example For Students

Taking Risks Essay There are numerous of different risks people are faced with throughout their life. In some cases risks are what help define who we are, or are simply just obstacles that conquer us or we conquer. There is a reason why some of the worlds most accomplished individuals are those who have suffered greatly and risked much to achieve their greatness. Manny Pacquiao views his talent in boxing as a gift that pushed him to strive and take risks . He started with nothing however, became a national treasure and of the millionaires around the world. We are afraid to take risks because of the struggles that comes with it but the adversity in life is what shapes to better ourselves and those around us. In both Breaking through- Uncertainty- Welcoming Adversity by Jim McCormick and Neighbors both propose that there is benefit in taking risks. In the story of Neighbors Lien Chao demonstrates the beneficial impact that taking risks can have on others. We will write a custom essay on Taking Risks specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Additionally, while McCormick presents the benefits he received by willingly participating in a risky sport that nearly killed him, Chao presents a more relatable story of an immigrant, single-mother who takes risk to better her condition in life. Though the life experiences of the authors are different, they both have a valuable advice about the benefits derived from risk taking. Both articles suggest that the first step in risk-raking is to overcome our insecurities and to recognize our problems in order for it to be solved. When McCormicks parachute was tangled beyond his ability for it to fix it, he says it was hard for me to believe I had really encountered a problem I could not solve but he had acknowledge his inability to solve the problem. In Sallys situation she accepts the invitation to go watch fireworks with strangers, because she wants to buy a vacuum cleaner and she needs advice She knows the only way to solve her problems is to ask help from strangers who know the stores and understand their pricing. The rewards of admitting they needed help were immediate: Jim deploys his reserve parachute and survives, while Sally learns what refurbishing means, met new friends and is given a free vacuum. The parallelism for both article also teach us that when we take risks it is important to trust ourselves and our experiences. McCormick acknowledges that his experience of his ingrained training allowed him to pull the right handle in the right order to save his life. Sallys experience allowed her to overcome her feelings of inadequacy in order to risk accepting Elizabeth invitation. In addition to Sallys situation she was able to teach the elderly a lesson about the struggles of being an immigrant and single mother. The articles both provide a powerful arguments for the benefit of risk taking. McCormick and Lein chao demonstrates that the motif of risk taking is always present that will have a negative and positive impact in our life. Like Sally situation, most of us will feel discomfort and inadequate in order for something better for ourselves. After all if we dont take risk how will we ever be Manny Pacquiao and be the next millionaire?

Industry Overview paper (Automotive)

Industry Overview paper (Automotive) The automotive industry has a long history, with a strong part in the economics of the country. We will discuss a brief history of the automotive industry and give a brief overview. We will also give a Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats, and Trends (SWOTT) analysis of the industry. We will also address the impact of the real Gross Domestic Product (GDP), the unemployment rate, and the inflation rate as measured by the Consumer Price Index (CPI). We will also include and discuss three economic indicators, auto sales, personal income, and Federal Reserve actions.History of the Automotive IndustryThe automotive industry is the area of commerce that plans, designs, manufacturer's, and markets automobile models. The automobile industry is concerned with profits and competition; with consumer demands for styling, safety, and efficiency; and with labor relations and manufacturing efficiency. The first successful self-propelled road vehicle was a steam automobile invented in 1770 by the French engineer Nicolas Joseph Cugnot (1725-1804).Brush Electric BusThe purpose of the self-propelled vehicle was to transport artillery, and the vehicle ran on three wheels. In Great Britain the inventors William Murdock (1754-1839) and James Watt constructed another form of automobile in 1781, and in 1784 Murdock and Watt produced a model of a wagon that used the power of a high-pressure, non-condensing steam engine. The British inventor Richard Trevithick built the first automobile built to carry passengers in 1801. In the U.S., the inventor Oliver Evans (1755-1819) obtained the first patent on a steam carriage in 1789. In 1803, he built a self-propelled steam dredge, regarded as the first self-propelled vehicle to operate over American roads. By, 1830 steam coaches were in regular daily use to transport passengers over English roads. Starting in 1831 restrictive legislation in England forced the steam coaches off the roads, and by...

5 Ways to Trump Your Career

5 Ways to Trump Your Career Love him or hate him, Donald Trump is not going away anytime soon. While there are plenty of â€Å"what NOT to do† tips we can take from his long and controversial career, there’s no disputing the fact that his billions in the bank came from somewhere. And although Trump is a pretty unique phenomenon (no matter what you do to your hair to try to emulate his signature ‘do), there are definitely some takeaways that we can apply to our own careers. 1. Get investors.Trump inherited money from the family real estate business, and used this to get started with his own investment career. Now, most of us don’t have millionaire parents (at least not before this week’s Powerball drawing), so we’re not working with that kind of startup capital. But these days we have a ton of great crowdsourcing tools, if you have a small business or an idea that you want to bring to life. Sites like gofundme.com give you the opportunity to bring investors into your prof essional life.2. Don’t give up.Some choices will just not pan out, whether it’s a job you hate or your Atlantic City casino going belly-up. Trump’s professional entities have gone through a number of bankruptcy proceedings over the years, yet here he still is. The most important idea to take from this is that there’s always another opportunity. Learn from your losses and frustrations, and be ready to leave them behind and try again somewhere else.3. Realize everything comes down to the deals you make.Trump is synonymous with the phrase â€Å"the art of the deal.† It’s debatable whether political deals are exactly the same as business deals, but a philosophy that Trump clearly takes to heart is one that states that you will never get ahead if you don’t negotiate for yourself. That can apply to salary negotiations, working with your boss, or even managing relationships with your colleagues. Always look out for your own best interests.4. Try new things.How many billionaire businessmen can you remember hosting Saturday Night Live? When I was a kid, Donald Trump was THE go-to businessman. In later years, he started to branch out more into the entertainment industry- not the most intuitive path for someone with a Wharton business degree. And after that ran its course (with endless seasons of Apprentices and Celebrity Apprentices running around New York trying to organize soft drink launch parties to curry favor with The Donald), he took another odd turn- this time into politics. Reinventing yourself is necessary to stay out of professional ruts.5. Find talented people around you.The whole premise of The Apprentice was taking a successful person (Trump) and finding new and fresh talent to bring into his professional orbit. It’s a formula that has worked in a number of industries (every Gordon Ramsay cooking show seems to feature a chef-ship in one of his restaurants as a prize), and can work in the real world as well. No one, not even Trump, can manage an empire alone. The key is to find people around you who bring knowledge and skills that you might not have, to make sure you’re performing your best. If you’re a manager, that might mean hiring diverse talent. If you’re not a manager, that might mean bonding with a variety of different coworkers, or finding a diverse range of people to add to your network.If you like what The Donald has to say, you are likely already paging through your copy of The Art of the Deal for the third or fourth time. But even if you can’t imagine yourself ever voting for him on Election Day, it’s not the worst thing to stay open to the idea that there are things he can teach us about our own careers.

Do police crack downs reduce drug related violence Essay

Do police crack downs reduce drug related violence - Essay Example Violence results from individual and group use in drug markets and drug producing areas as the drug gangs strive to maintain and control a share of the lucrative illicit market of drugs is considered as one of the origin of murder cases experienced (Shepherd, 2005).. Cases of individual drug users committing murder is also common like violence resulting from drug induced psychosis. As the authorities strive to curb the problem of drug trade, the rate of violence increase significantly as this increased militarization of the criminal elements and law enforcers means both parties are easily accessed to lethal weaponry as they fight to outdo the other. Recent scientific evidence suggests that the prohibition of drug is the likely contributor of drug market violence and the increased homicide rates (Martin, 2009). Basing on these findings, we might conclude that increasingly sophisticated methods of dealing with drug distribution networks hikes the level of drug-related violence. The removal of the drug loads from the lucrative illegal drug market by law enforcers may have adverse effects as other individuals will strive to fill the vacuum by entering the market. The rise in murder cases might also be attributed to the enormous profits generated from the selling of drugs which is used to destabilize governments and creation of heavily armed rebel groups, for example, the U.N. estimated gains from illicit drugs to be approximately US$320 annually which is entirely outside the government controls and likely to fuel crime, corruption, and violence in urban areas (Blumstein, 1995). Recent reviews show that interventions of drug law enforcement may reduce the rate of drug related violence. However, the existing scientific evidence has strong suggestions that prohibition of drugs may likely cause violence and more homicide in the drug market. Contrary, conventional wisdom believes that drug law enforcement is likely to reduce this violence. Therefore, the association

Sport Policy, Politics and Ethics Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Sport Policy, Politics and Ethics - Assignment Example 44). Due to the importance of sport and benefits accruing from it, there are policies that have been developed at country, regional, and international level to provide framework in which sporting activities can take place. Policies are aimed at enhancing physical activity and participation in sport. However, it should be noted that policies of sport are highly influenced by sporting dynamics and shifting instruments and priorities of respective governments. Policy for sport is also aimed at promoting the interests of sport at local, sub-regional, regional, and international levels. Besides, development of sport policy has been informed by the realization that sport can be used as a means of delivering a wide range of policy aspirations such as local economic viability and health improvement among others (Bloyce and Smith, 2009, p. 101). Implementation of policy by for sport by governments is faced with various challenges and barriers. Implementation of sport policy is often faced with barriers and challenges just like are the case with implementation of policy in other respects. One of the main challenges is declining participation among the population in sport. Studies show that participation in sport has been declining significantly in most countries despite its importance (Bodin and SempeÃŒ , 2011, p. 60). Particularly, it has been noted that the participation of those aged over 15 years has dropped dramatically in recent years. Experts argue that this challenge in implementation of sport policy can be attributed to the fact that physical activities in the population has been declining especially after children have attained 12 years of age. The increased number of population suffering from obesity and overweight is a proof that physical activity has been declining. In addition, implementation of policy for spo rt has been faced with various barriers to access; that is, there are barriers

Civil Unions Should Have the Same Status as Marriage Essay -- Gay Marr

Gay people hear the government talk about civil unions and domestic partnerships everyday being equal to marriage, and that is just completely observed. The gay community is being feed lies. As far as I'm concerned marriage doesn't exist in the gay community. Unfortunately marriage is only recognized between a man and a women. In fact there are states that try recognize same sex relationships, but we do not enjoy the same rights as a hereto married couple at the state level. We are not aloud to make decisions for our partners in life threatening events. We don't even have the right to be by a partner's side in the hospital because we're not classified as married. Gay couples can't even leave things to their partner because we are quote UN quote not married. If all people are created equal then marriage should be for the people. We call America a free place but we don't all have the same rights as other American people. If civil union is equal to marriage why don't straight people have a civil union? Because it's not real its fabricated! We want our marriages to be treated the same way as any other marriage: No more, no less. We want to take care of our families & ensure that they are taken care of/get whatever benefits we are entitled to should we become sick or die. I don't understand why some marriages are honored and others are not. People should be able to wed when someone truly loves someone regardless of their sexual orientation. As far as I know gay marriage is not recognized because of religion. We are all American people and we are being shorted out of love and happiness. Gay people pay tax dollars just like straight people. So why are we being treated differently. It seems like our rights ... ... have come a long way over the last few years. Civil unions are still considered new so not everyone recognizes them as marriage. I was also very surprised to find out that when a gay couple says they are in a civil union they are seen as being single. Another thing that was brought to my attention was the act of a civil union in one state don't count in another where as marriage does. Religion and government is the main reason civil unions are not passed in other states. Some states don't even recognized that a civil union would exist between two people because they don't count. If you are in a gay relationship the best place to live is Vermont because everything is equal. I was right about civil unions they are the same as marriage and they are seen as almost as a subtute to marriage. Civil unions need to be the same as marriages in order to make everyone happy.

Kit Kat vs Snickers Essay

Kit Kat is the best value because of its milk chocolate, crispy crumbs of sweetness. The taste is unbelievable, can be easily shared, melts in your mouth, and has less sugar than Snickers. Like they say on Kit Kat commercials: have a break, have a Kit Kat or break time any time, it balance you and fills you with energy, and So on your next break you might want to grab a kit Kat bar to kill of the hunger. The taste of kit Kat is incredible, the milk chocolate will blast flavors in your mouth. you will taste the milk chocolate , the crispy crumbs of wafers and think it really does taste as good as looks. The first bite will make you carve for more, less than a minute they will be gone, and you will rush to the store to get more. Just unwrap, break, snap, and enjoy. With Kit Kat you can easily share it. Just break or snap. With snickers you would need to put lots of effort into breaking a section off. When you try to break snickers it get sticky on your fingers and your friend would not want it anymore, but with the Kit Kat you just snap a bar off just like that! Kit Kat easily melts in your mouth, unlike snickers you would have to chew to the peanuts and its sticky caramel that get stuck on your fingers and teeth. For kit Kat all you have to do is pop it in your mouth and let it do it thing. Snickers fan say they like it better because it has more protein, it crunchier then kit Kat, and because it was invented before kit kits†¦ First, Snickers does have more protein then kit Kat, but snicker has more fat (12g) and has way more calories than kit Kat (250), which people look how much fat it has before buying a candy bar†¦Second, it is NOT crunchier then kit Kat because kit Kat has three layer of wafer (which is crunchy) and snicker has 4 or 5 piece of peanut in them which make it less crunchy then kit Kat.

Aristotles Rhetoric in Speech Writing

Rhetoric is the art of persuasion that is a great tool to influence someone. Persuasion can influence a person in many ways; if a person is very talented in persuasion he/she can play a vital role in influencing ano person’s behavior, their beliefs,  attitude,  intentions,   motivations. Simply put, this art can be used to gain something a person wishes. Marketers use this technique to sell their goods even if their products are not in demand, and if they are masters in this art, they can sell you anything even if it is not needed by you. The first person that comes into mind when someone uses the term ‘Rhetoric’ is Aristotle. Aristotle was a very famous and well-known Greek philosopher. His writings include many subjects such as physics,  biology,  zoology, poetry, theater, music,  rhetoric,  linguistics, politics, and many more. Aristotle’s views were very persuasive, and a lot of that persuasion comes from logic, reason, and proof. Ethos, Pathos, Logos Logos Logos means logic or proof. When you ask someone to trust your word, they will require you to provide proof. While writing, you can use facts as proof to back your argument. Ethos Ethos means trust or credibility. Until your audience does not trust you, they will not believe in anything you say. Pathos Pathos means emotions and values. When a writer writes he/she tries to connect with the audience by writing on stories they are emotionally connected to. Many people write about who inspires them like families or friends – and try to connect with their readers through the human element. How Is This Beneficial For Speech Writing? Rhetoric can be very helpful when it comes to speech writing. If a writer can master this art, he/she can influence their readers in many different ways. Speeches written to sway the audience’s opinion in one direction or the other can benefit greatly by using ethos, pathos, and logos. Though this art can be, and probably is, misused many times, it is an important aspect of writing. Readers need to connect with your thoughts. A lot of writers use this technique to keep their audience amused, and others use the power of this style of writing to changes your views and opinions in moments. So Why Use This? If you are writing a speech for an academic or any other type of project, you need to have a point of view about the topic of the speech. Furthermore, you need to prove that your point of view is correct, and for that you need to use Aristotle’s rhetoric. When writing a speech, you need to infuse facts and figures from credible sources, relatable stories, and metaphors to get the message across. By using this technique, you will be able to win the crowd over, and will be able to get the most out of your efforts in writing the speech. So start writing that speech, use Aristotle’s rhetoric, and sway your audience’s opinion in your favor.

The Federalist Papers And Democracy Essay - 1475 Words

The Federalist Papers and Democracy in America describe formal and informal institutions that make American democracy successful. Tocqueville focused more on the informal institutions that had come a part of American democracy after it had been formed, while Publius focused on the necessary components needed to create an ideal American democracy. While there are many important institutions mentioned but he authors, three essential components of American democracy are separation of powers, the size of the republic, and associations. An important formal institution in our democracy is the system of separation of powers and checks and balances in the federal government. This is a formal institution as the constitution defines the roles each branch will play as well as how they interact. The goal of The Federalist Papers was to have the constitution be ratified, so they break down the formal institutions within it and explain the theory behind them. Madison sees this as important because a strong central government is needed in a democracy in order to protect minority rights. If the government isn t cohesive or if one branch becomes too powerful, it wont be able to fulfill its function of controlling the majority. As described in Federalist 51, â€Å"Each department should have a will of its own† and should interfere with the others as little as possible (318). In this sense, â€Å"ambition must be made to counter ambition† (319) between branches so no drastic changes are made tooShow MoreRelatedThe Revolution Of A Successful Political Revolution1389 Words   |  6 Pagesform a society built through democracy. In some cases, like the United States, the challenge to build a functioning society through democracy has been successful. Yet, in the case of the French Revolution for democracy, the result was near disastrous. So what separated these two nations in their conquest for a successful political revolution? The answer lies within the structures a nd institutions established by the United States founding fathers. Both The Federalist Paper by John Jay, James MadisonRead MoreAnti Federalists And The Revolutionary War934 Words   |  4 PagesAlthough independence was just won, the country still needed protection from other hostile countries. Besides protecting the country from foreign enemies, the Anti-Federalists wanted to protect the American people from its own government. In fact, the â€Å"Anti-Federalists were especially concerned with preserving for ordinary citizens the ability to participate in government† (Amar). After all, the Revolutionary War was fought in order to gain freedom from oppression. However, by giving all of the powerRead MoreThe Federalist Papers By John Jay995 Words   |  4 PagesThe Federalist Papers â€Å"This country and this people seem to have been made for each other, and it appears as if it was the design of Providence that an inheritance so proper and convenient for a ban of brethren, united to each other by the strongest of ties, should never be split into a number of unsocial, jealous, and alien sovereignties.† (Jay 1787) This was written by John Jay in one of a collection of 85 essays written by John Jay, James Madison and Alexander Hamilton known as The FederalistRead MoreJames Madison and the Federalist Papers743 Words   |  3 Pagesratification. The Federalists highly approved of the Constitution because it allowed for a more central and powerful government that was previously undermined under the Articles of Confederation. The Anti-Federalists, however, didn’t want a powerful central government, but, instead, powerful state governments; in response to the Constitution, many Anti-Federalists began writing essays and creating pamphlets as a means of arguing against it. In retaliation to the Anti-Federalists attempt at gettingRead MoreThe Constitution Of Government And Selections From Aristotle s Politics1009 Words   |  5 Pageshowever, like most other sciences, has received great improvement. The efficacy of various principles is now well understood, which were either not known at all, or imperfectly known to the ancients,† wrote Alexander Hamilton in Federalist Paper number 9. 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The contending groups consisted of Federalists, those who supported ratification, and Anti-Federalists, those opposed to the constitution. Each group published a series of letters known as the Federalist and Anti-Federalist Papers. The Anti-Federalist papers objected to provisions of the proposed constitution while the Federalist Papers defended the rationale behind the document. Anti-Federalist objections included that; the United States was too extensive to beRead MoreThe Federalist 10, By James Madison858 Words   |  4 PagesIn the Federalist 10, it is mostly about the constitution. It was written b y James Madison, who oversaw it. The main purpose of this article is faction. In politics, faction is people that group themselves. Madison said that in the republic. Madison says that the number one common characteristic is the largest people. The democracy would be possible because you couldn’t create a majority group of people that would have a lot in common. However now, democracy become too big in this scale. People don’tRead MoreAnalysis Of Federalist 10 By James Madison1525 Words   |  7 PagesIn Federalist 10 by James Madison, he addresses key issues like factions and democracy, all while focusing on the usefulness of the Constitution and the necessity of a strong central government, to defend his Federalist ideology. Personally, I agree with the foundation of his arguments, especially on the topic of forms of government, as well as the role of representation in our government. Madison’s primary focus throughout the beginning of this paper is factions. He holds a deep disdain for themRead MoreAnti Federalists Vs. Federalists1634 Words   |  7 Pages Anti Federalists vs. Federalists (Paper #1) The Federalists and the Anti - Federalists played an indispensable part in the establishment of the American Constitution. Federalists were supporters of the constitution, while Anti federalist were against the ratification of the Constitution. Federalists believed in the idea of a larger heterogeneous republic whereas anti federalists wanted a small homogenous republic. Famous federalists like James Madison, John Jay and Alexander Hamilton are responsible

Free Speech Is The Cornerstone Of The American Freedom

The American lifestyle has always included the freedom to speak freely. This freedom, granted by the 1st amendment, can be viewed as the cornerstone of the American freedom since without it most of the other freedoms Americans enjoy become less useful or even obsolete. The issue that many find with free speech however is that everyone must have it even if that person holds an opposing opinion. This mutual respect is the foundation for civil discussions and debates that shape the country and even the world. However many Americans either no longer know how to discuss matters civilly or simply no longer want to hold important discussions this way. The population of people that believe this wishes to stop civil discussion and instead have only one belief that every person should share as being true. I therefore hypothesize that since many Americans are coming to believe this, free speech and the freedom of belief are no longer freedoms that Americans value, and that the right to free s peech is under attack by people living in America who believe that it should no longer exist. The amount of importance that Americans place on their freedoms is often vastly overestimated, but can be measured by polling companies, such as Gallup, that research the public’s opinions on certain matters such as the freedom of speech or privacy. The results of these polls, especially those taken after frightening events such as the 9/11 attacks, accurately reflect Americans’ opinions on issues,Show MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Stonewall Jackson Way1421 Words   |  6 PagesPoetry-Archive, George W. Jacobs Co., www.poetry-archive.com/p/stonewall_jackson_s_way.html. Accessed 4 Sept. 2017. John Williamson Palmer is a famous American author who recorded revolutionary events. Palmer was originally a physician, but he later decided to pursue a career in journalism. Since he was writing during the Civil War, his works encompass American patriotism and morale. His poem â€Å"Stonewall Jackson’s Way† serves to commemorate the achievements and leadership of the Confederate General ThomasRead More Seperation Of Church From State939 Words   |  4 Pagesconstitution ever since it was written. The first amendment relates to a citizens freedom. This freedom does not only allow this practice speech but on thought as well. It states â€Å"Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion or prohibiting the free exercise thereof.† (Barton, America: To†¦ p.15). When the constitution was formed society in general belonged to Orthodox Christian. John Quincy Adams, in a speech on July 4,1837 asked the crowd, â€Å"Why is it, that next to the birthday of theRead MorePos Wk 1949 Words   |  4 PagesUnited States Constitution (Patterson, 2011, p28). Since we began our journey away from parliamentary government, the colonists who created this nation worked hard to create a nation that would be fair to all who lived here. Americans enjoy the pursuit of happiness, freedom of living and equality because of our Constitution. The foundation for our constitution can be traced back as far as medieval times and the Magna Carta. Even then people were fighting for the rights of the people. ThroughRead MoreSymbolic Speech : Freedom Of Speech1320 Words   |  6 Pages Freedom of Speech: To Kneel or Not to Kneel? Symbolic Speech: Whether tis Nobler to Ignore the First Amendment Introduction The inspiration for my topic came from our first assignment, the MTU Constitutional Essay Contest, and the NFL kneeling/National Anthem controversy. The extent of the public outcry and the divisiveness it has caused baffles. Kneeling during the playing of The National Anthem at widely viewed sporting events seems like a perfect and peaceful way to bring attentionRead MoreThe United States And The Civil War851 Words   |  4 PagesThe word â€Å"freedom† has always been a cornerstone of the numerous transformations of the American society. It is the notion that is found in speeches of both Republican and Democrat politicians, the idea that connected the mind of an affluent Southern plantation owner and that of a radical abolitionist. Generally, the understanding of any period in the United States history as a whole relies heavily on acquiring the knowledge of the way of life, and the patterns of thought of the American public. TheRead MoreMinimum Wage vs. Slavery1407 Words   |  6 PagesNevertheless, slavery and minimum wage are too entirely different struggles due to the fact that the hardships of slavery far outnumber the hardships of living off minimum wage. The main thing that makes slavery and minimum wage incomparable is the freedom of choice. Education is a prime example of choice. Back in slavery days blacks were not afforded the opportunity to receive an education. In fact, they were not even allowed to learn how to read and write. This is proven by a quote in an articleRead MoreReconstruction Era of the United States and African American Community803 Words   |  4 Pages92. In 1865 an appointment was held between representatives of an African American community in Savannah, Georgia and Edwin Staunton, Secretary of War, and Major General Sherman concerning topics of the freedman in Georgia. Land was set aside, 40 acres, and a mule that could no longer be used by the Army to establish a community of their own. 1. Black leaders believed that owning land was essential to freedom because by them owning their own land they would be able to support themselves by themselvesRead More What Is An American Essay1650 Words   |  7 PagesWhat is an American. This country is full of individuals of many backgrounds, and diversities and each person has a different opinion on this question. In my opinion, an American is someone who values freedom and equality and pursues the American dream. Every American exercises these rights and these are great adjectives to describe our country. Each of the seven readings, and the one image I compiled help mold this broader definition into a more precise description of an American. Robert CreeleyRead MoreHuman Rights : Polished Synthesis Essay1251 Words   |  6 Pagesweaknesses so that governments could be formed to reinforce democracy s strengths while counteracting its weaknesses. Even though the Bill of Rights has served as the cornerstone of basic American freedoms, the weaknesses in the American democracy were also created by the Bill of Rights because of the right to bear arms, freedom of the press, the right to be secured from unreasonable searches and seizures, and an independent and influential judiciary. The right to bear arms is one of the strongestRead MoreSchool Law Module Three Reading Reflection Essay1640 Words   |  7 PagesSchool Law Module Three Reading Reflection American Public School Law, Chapter 8 – Student Speech and Expression Chapter Eight overviews the freedom of student speech and expression on public school property. The First Amendment provides students with the ability to openly speech and express themselves; however, there are limitations to these rights. Schools must balance the students right to free speech and expression with the need for a safe school that is advantageous for learning. As teachers

Common Accidents Among Children Free Essays

Common Accidents Among Children A person would think the safest place on earth is a family’s home. Most accidents occur in and around the home. Most of the accidents that occur could have been prevented if a few precautions have been taken. We will write a custom essay sample on Common Accidents Among Children or any similar topic only for you Order Now Safety measures are often overlooked when a people are in a rush however protecting loved-ones from a senseless tragedy is worth the time. Most accidents that occur with infants are the use of mobile walkers. In 1997, mobile walkers need to be made wider than 36 inches, the size of a standard door. Accidents occur when a child in a walker falls down the stairs. The accidents can happen either inside a house, outside on the ground, or when on a deck or raised surface. Although it is the law that children are to ride in car seats when under the age of six or 60 pounds not everyone follows the law. Children are injured in motor vehicle accidents when the children are not placed in the car seats, the car seats are installed improperly, or the child is not wearing a seat belt. Many times when children are injured from not being in a car seat in an accident, there is an empty car seat in the back seat of the car. Burns are very common accidents with children. Parents should make sure their thermostat on the water heater is set below 120 degrees. Burns occur from scalding hot water in the bath tub. Many children suffer burns when adult’s accidentally spills hot liquids such as coffee or tea on a child. Children can also receive burns when they grab the handles of pots cooking on the stove. Parents should always make sure they all pot handles are turned toward the back of the stove so small children cannot pull them down on top of them. Another common way children receive burns are when the children pull the cords of curling irons or irons. Children riding on bikes with their parents are often injured. Children’s feet are caught in the spokes of the bicycle. Parents should always ride in seat. Parents and children should always make sure to wear their helmets. Poisoning is another accident that can be preventable. Cleaning products, paint thinners, pesticides, and medicines need to be locked up and out of the reach of children. Alcoholic beverages and tobacco should also be kept out of reach of children, if ingested it can be harmful to children. Children can also ingest plants that are poisonous. It is a good idea for parents to keep the phone number to poison control by the telephone in case of accidental ingestion. It is also a good idea to keep a bottle of Ipecac syrup in a medicine cabinet at all times. Parents should never induce vomiting unless instructed to do so by poison control. One of the most common causes of injury or death to young children is drowning. More males are injured than females, 3:1. A common misconception is that it takes a great deal of water for a child to drown. However, a child can drown in a few inches of water. Parents should Eradicate any standing water around the home. It sounds a little silly but even installing locks on the toilet bowl lids could prevent drowning. Children drown when left unattended in the bathtub. Parents should never leave their child unattended for any length of time when filling a bathtub full of water (Neifert, M. ,2003). Swimming pools should have gates with locks and have removable ladders. Children should never be allowed to swim by themselves. To maximize the security of children around the swimming pool, some parents have installed a water alarm. The alarm will sound when something enters the water. Electrocution is another common accident. Parents should put safety plugs in all outlets. This helps so that children cannot stick their fingers or metal objects into the outlets. Electrical cords should be hidden or out of the reach of the children. Children can pull at them or chew on them. Radios, curling irons and hair dryers should always be unplugged and kept away from the bathtub. Choking is another injury which occurs to children. Children especially those who have not started to walk yet pick up small objects off the floor and put them in their mouths. Toys that have small removable parts should not be given to children. Another toy children love that should be avoided is balloons. When balloons pop, the child can put a piece into his or her mouth. Once the balloon is swallowed it is very difficult to eject the balloon out of the child’s throat. Parents should always supervise their children when they are eating. Parents should avoid giving children hard candy, grapes, hot dogs, and peanuts. Children have also been known to choke accidentally themselves on the cord to the mini-blinds. Parents should not let their children play with long strings, ribbons, or ropes. Plastic bags should be thrown away or kept out of the reach of children to prevent suffocation. Keeping children safe is a difficult job. Parents and caregivers can make it easier by taking a few helpful precautions. If a house has a flight of stairs, parents need to put safety gates at the top and bottom to help prevent children from falling (LeBlanc, 2007). Keep the stairs free from toys or clutter to prevent falls. Loose carpeting should be tacked down and area rugs should have non-slip mats on the underside. The best way to prevent tragic accidents is to be aware about home safety. Supervision is the key with children. Children are quick and accidents can occur in a few seconds. References LeBlanc, J. (2007). Making Our Homes Safe For Children. Pediatrics for Parents, 23(9), 12. Retrieved from MasterFILE Premier database Neifert, M. (2003). Preventing common childhood injuries. Baby Talk, 68(8), 19. Retrieved from MasterFILE Premier database. How to cite Common Accidents Among Children, Papers

The Phenomenon of Horizontal Violence-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Identify and Critically reflect on a Personal Professional Practice experience of your choice that is different to the issue you covered in your semester topic presentation. The focus is on an issue that you believe may occur again during your transition to practice as a graduate registered nurse. Justify your selection of this topic area and its Importance. Answer: Horizontal violence (HV) is defined as an act of unwanted hostility or abuse occurring within the workplace (BecherVisovsky, 2012).Horizontal violence is a series of repeated conflicts that makes HV overwhelming, generating symptoms like depression and posttraumatic stress among the victims(BecherVisovsky, 2012). The phenomenon of HV is at times used interchangeably with the term lateral violence (Taylor,2016). When a nurse or a group of nurses expresses hostile or harmful behaviour toward a particular co-worker, then it is term as horizontal violence in nursing profession(Sheridan-Leos, 2008). The members of nursing profession belongs to oppressed group with the majority of the members are women. According to the theory of oppression, lack of power and lack of control over the work environment lead to the generation of HV within the profession of nursing (Johnston, Phanhtharath Jackson, 2009). In nursing profession the act of HV is complicated because HV is extensively ingrained in the workplace culture of nursing and thus the victim nurses who are experiencing or witnessing the same do not recognize it (Taylor,2016). HV which results out of cyclic acts of aggression towards the co-workers is also termed as workplace bullying. Here bullying means demeaning the employee, either publicly or privately. Here the main intension of the bullys is to cause psychological and physical stress to the victims (Vessey, DeMarcoDiFazio, 2011). Other behaviour that contributes horizontal violence include blaming, verbal fighting among the colleagues, criticizing, refusing to provide help, humiliation in a public place and undermining efforts (Dumont, Meisinger, Whitacre Corbin, 2012). Other threats are gossiping, isolation, threat, ignorance and making observable physical expression like rolling of eyes (Thomas Burk, 2009). HV perished dignity of an individual and this in turn is detrimental for the profession. HV has special implications over the students or the newly graduated nursing personnel who have mainly question regarding practical field of work and requires profession guidance in order to achieve their full potential in nursing profession. New graduate nurses who are the victims of HV face difficulties in achieving success due to complex workplace environmental conflict(Laschinger et al., 2010). Not only the team of newly graduates, HV hamper the equilibrium of nursing profession or the health care team. This damage is caused by ever widening rift between the nursing professionals or group of professionals. The effect of HV in turn indirectly affects the health and the quality of life of the patient (Roche et al., 2010). The victims of HV in nursing profession suffer from low self-esteem, anxiety, sleeping disorder and depression. All these side-effects are detrimental for nursing profession a nd effects the employee retention leading to poor patient : nurse ratio (Wilson et al., 2011; Weaver, 2013). This is due to the fact that the majority of the nurses who have become the victim of HV have considered leaving the profession and which have contributed to the shortage in national nursing. In the name of HV, important information related to patient care is either omitted or kept secret from the new attending graduate nurse. As a result, the victimised nurse falls in a poor position in front of the doctors and the family members of the patients. Not only this, patient, quality treatment and health is also compromised due to such acts. This negligence in patient care arising out of the lack of information may cost negatively to the patients, their family and the health care institute. Such condition may also inflict potential legal action against the guilty nurses and the overall condition can be staggering. Moreover, what more threatening is, HV has also inflicted suicidal behaviour. In spite to its wide spread detrimental effects, the majority of the incidence of HV remains unreported. Even with zero retaliation policies, victims are not aware of the appropriate steps to report against V. Moreover, the problem in employee retention and lack of quality care arising out of the HV has affected the health care institute financially. Moreover, this financial loss is further increased as a result of absenteeism, therapy for depression and anxiety and poor work performance. In this essay I will highlight a specific case of HV that I have experienced during my transition to practice as a graduate registered nurse under the 5Rs framework for reflection(Bain et al. 2002). Reporting: When I joined as a as a trainee nurse after by completion of graduate degree in nursing, I too became the victim of HV from my senior registered nurses refuse to corporate with me. I was attending a patient in a palliative care and the doctors asked me to replace his nasogastric tube. As a trainee nurse, I was not aware of the actual proceeding are the regulations that are required to be followed during the insertion of fine bore nasogastric tube. For obvious reasons, I was scared but when I approached by fellow colleagues, but they refuse to stretch their helping hands towards me. Since I was novice in this domain, the improper insertion of the tube caused aspiration associated dislodgement(Fine Bore Nasogastric Feeding Tubes for Adult Policy, 2017). The patient condition became extremely unstable and got further scared and then my seniors came in and controlled the entire situation. However, in return I got humiliation from the doctors, complains form the patient family and all these dragged my self-esteem to a negative parameter. Responding: This situation made me feel stupid and incapable. It destroyed my confidence to work as a nurse. I also felt isolated as none of my seniors approached me or helped me out when I was showcased for improper nasogastric tube insertion. I developed a fear of going to work as I was secretly ashamed of being bullied and at the same time confused as to how to fight back. I developed stress-related illness like nausea, headache, weight loss, depression, anxiety, insomnia, irritability and post-traumatic stress syndrome (PTSS)(Elena Losa Iglesias Becerro de Bengoa Vallejo, 2012). Such conditions gradually became more severe when their act of bullying continued or rather say increased. Whenever I passed through corridor of any ward, I saw certain physical gestures like rolling of eyes or verbal abuse coming against me. This further made me more isolated and affected my self-esteem. Relating: As time passed and I gradually understood that the problem of HVmight have originated from individual factors, environmental factors and other organisational factors(Rocker, 2008). Here individual factors include mental illness and female gender workers. Workplace environment, lack of safety measures and working with hostile and violent patients and their family membersfall under poor environmental factors (Vessey, DeMarcoDiFazio, 2011). Organisational factors include nurse shortage due to understaffing, lack of adequate resources and poor workgroup(Katrinli et al., 2010). Moreover, what I felt is bullying behaviour that is prevalent among the nurses is a kind of learned process. For example, the new nursing practitioner may indulgein the act of bullying others, common among the veteran nurses, just to gel with them, contributing towards the continuation of HV among the nursing profession(Rocker, 2008). Reasoning:When I interacted with the other fellow trainee nursesand friends of mine who are serving as a traineeI discovered that actual incidence and the occurrence of the HV among the nursing profession is underreported and unrecognised(Rocker, 2008). However, according to the report published by Stagg et al., in the year 2011, HV is widespread among the nurses in Australia with an estimated percentage of 65 to 80%. My friends reported that they felt humiliated as they gradually began to assimilate these kinds of demeaning behaviours into the workplace. Moreover, me and my friends in nursing field felt leaving the profession altogether with an increased level of absenteeism in order to avoid uncomfortable situation. I also found that verbal abuse has more significant impacts on self-esteem than the physical abuse in the domain of HV. As a trainee, we do not have a defined and approved social role, neither a fixed salary and nor a dedicated bond with specific nursing work and hence we become an easy prey of verbal abuse that lowersour self-esteem and morale(MagnavitaHeponiemi, 2011). Reconstructing: What I felt during my transition to registered nurse and subsequent experience of HV is that it is the role of the experienced professional nurse to maintain and attain work environments in consistent with the professional values(BecherVisovsky, 2012). Here, the nurses or the matrons who are serving as the nursing leaders must come forward to prevent these unhealthy activities via providing proper support and education (Becher Visovsky, 2012). They must also support the trainee nurse or newly graduate nurse via giving periodic feedback about their performance so that they can work on their weak areas while providing opportunities for further professional development. Senior registered nurses must also hold them and their experienced peers accountable for modelling acceptable professional behaviour. When any one of the team displays unprofessional behaviour, a proper corrective plan must be instituted. Moreover, a proper plan must be initiated to revamp the entire nur sing culture that preaches and supports the act of HV. I also feel that while approaching complains or allegations regarding HV, the assigned nurse leader must try to maintain a strict objective stance and thereby assess all the related facts. These nurse leaders must also be accustomed or aware about the organisational policies and must take appropriate disciplinary actions when any act of HV is found threatening the overall integrity in the workplace. Health managers in the workplace must also participate in the HV education and must keep their employees alert about the occurrence of the HV and how to report against it. Managers can also generate awareness among the staffs via making them aware about the policies that govern the professional code of conduct of nursing in Australia so that they can feel empowered to take necessary actions against HV (BecherVisovsky, 2012). According to Huntington et al., 2011, poor staffing along with increased patient acuity and decrease in resour ces lead to upliftment of stress and conflict and so good ratio to nurse :patient will help in the reduction of the incidence of HV. Manager must also take active steps in proper employee recruitment and employee retention.Another important aspect which can put an end of the HV in nursing profession is proper communication between the employees. These can be done via educational workshops that will enhance awareness in the field of HV and will simultaneously improve positive communication, which will result in better workplace environment with reduction in vacancy rates along with decrease in the incidence of HV (Ceravolo et al., 2012). References Bain, J. D., Ballantyne, R., Mills, C., Lester, N. C. (2002).Reflecting on practice: Student teachers' perspectives. Post Pressed. Becher, J., Visovsky, C. (2012).Horizontal violence in nursing.Medsurg nursing,21(4), 210. Ceravolo, D. J., Schwartz, D. G., FOLTZ?RAMOS, K. M., Castner, J. (2012). Strengthening communication to overcome lateral violence.Journal of Nursing Management,20(5), 599-606. Dumont, C., Meisinger, S., Whitacre, M. J., Corbin, G. (2012).Nursing2012 horizontal violence survey report.Nursing2016,42(1), 44-49. Elena Losa Iglesias, M., Becerro de Bengoa Vallejo, R. (2012). Prevalence of bullying at work and its association with self-esteem scores in a Spanish nurse sample.Contemporary nurse,42(1), 2-10. Fine Bore Nasogastric Feeding Tubes for Adult Policy. (2017) (pp. 1 to 8). Australia. Retrieved from https://www1.health.nsw.gov.au/pds/ActivePDSDocuments Huntington, A., Gilmour, J., Tuckett, A., Neville, S., Wilson, D., Turner, C. (2011). Is anybody listening? A qualitative study of nurses reflections on practice. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 20(9-10), 1413-1422 Johnston, M., Phanhtharath, P., Jackson, B. S. (2009).The bullying aspect of workplace violence in nursing.Critical Care Nursing Quarterly,32(4), 287-295. Katrinli, A., Atabay, G., Gunay, G., Cangarli, B. G. (2010).Nurses perceptions of individual and organizational political reasons for horizontal peer bullying.Nursing Ethics,17(5), 614-627. Laschinger, H. K. S., Grau, A. L., Finegan, J., Wilk, P. (2010). New graduate nurses experiences of bullying and burnout in hospital settings.Journal of advanced nursing,66(12), 2732-2742. Magnavita, N., Heponiemi, T. (2011).Workplace violence against nursing students and nurses: an Italian experience.Journal of Nursing Scholarship,43(2), 203-210. Roche, M., Diers, D., Duffield, C., Catling?Paull, C. (2010).Violence toward nurses, the work environment, and patient outcomes.Journal of Nursing Scholarship,42(1), 13-22. Rocker, C. F. (2008).Addressing nurse-to-nurse bullying to promote nurse retention.Online Journal of Issues in Nursing,13(3). Sheridan-Leos, N. (2008). Understanding lateral violence in nursing.Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing,12(3), 399. Stagg, S.J., Sheridan, D., Jones, R.A., Speroni, K.G. (2011).Evaluation of a workplace bullying cognitive rehearsal program in a hospital setting. Journal of Continuing Education in Nursing, 42(9), 395-401. doi:10.3928/00220124-20110823-45 Taylor, R. (2016). Nurses Perceptions of Horizontal Violence.Global qualitative nursing research,3, 2333393616641002. Thomas, S. P., Burk, R. (2009).Junior nursing students' experiences of vertical violence during clinical rotations.Nursing outlook,57(4), 226-231. Vessey, J. A., DeMarco, R., DiFazio, R. (2011).Bullying, harassment and horizontal violence in the nursing workforce.Annual review of nursing research,28(1), 133-157. Weaver, K. B. (2013). The effects of horizontal violence and bullying on new nurse retention.Journal for nurses in professional development,29(3), 138-142. Wilson, B. L., Diedrich, A., Phelps, C. L., Choi, M. (2011).Bullies at work: the impact of horizontal hostility in the hospital setting and intent to leave.Journal of Nursing Administration,41(11), 453-458.

10 Informative Essay Topics on Art in Late Antiquity

10 Informative Essay Topics on Art in Late Antiquity If you are tasked with writing an informative essay on art in Late Antiquity, review the 10 facts below. These are taken from across the specified time period and across the different movements in art which were revered by religious leaders and the general public alike. Be sure to review all ten in order to find something substantial and ideally suitable for your next writing assignment: Art transformed from the Middle Ages where it focused on bright colors to draw attention to the contrast between the main characters within the artwork in pieces symbolizing of love and sensuality. Painters of the Renaissance period used lighting and the force of contrast and shadow effects, drawing attention to the fact that love has different forms, not just an emotional response but also the love of body and sensuality. The Middle Ages would focus upon the same content, using different artistic ideals to convey sacred ideas. This piece focuses on displaying scenes from the Bible with contrast in lighting meant to reflect the angelic nature of man or prophets to those pieces. During the Middle Ages, the religious movement which came from this transitional period is referred to as â€Å"Modern Devotion† which encouraged people to seek a personal relationship with God through reading and meditating upon the scriptures (Davies 469). Soon there was an artistic movement of stressed Naturalism. This painting is consistent with the themes of the time, indicated by the subject and many other facets. Oil paintings which had a close resemblance to optimal reality became the major artistic style. Roman-based artists were spread throughout Rome and Europe and responded to the conflict with Humanism. Refinement became synonymous with Humanism for the emerging middle class. New definitions of beauty were explored by conscious artists who meant experimenting with ideal figure types, proportions, and unusual compositions. With Late Antiquity there came many changes, including the land conquest lead by Constantine, and after his anointment to power, the promotion of his new religion: Christianity. It is because of his triumph in battle that he had the Church of St. Peter constructed in its honor. This church would have been considered a temple by the Romans and the architecture used for it was typical of Roman public buildings. It assumed the name â€Å"basilica† as it encompassed the architectural traits of a basilica. Another aspect to the changing religious tides were related to the dead. The first centuries of Christianity brought with them the catacombs, or underground network of passages in which to bury the dead. Inside of these buildings were found paintings and artwork on the walls and ceilings which showed scenes of salvation. The catacombs of the Late Antiquity period were underground passageways which were used to bury the dead. Inside of the catacombs were cubicula’s which were small rooms known as mortuary chapels. The Loculi were the openings in the walls where the dead were received. During this period the earliest figure represented across the artwork found in many architectural triumphs and older buildings alike include is Christ in his role as the Good Shepherd. The altar’s location within the churches was significant, typically aligned toward the east. With Late Antiquity architecture, ambulatory was the passageway which surrounded the altar of a church. The apse was the endpoint of that altar’s location. The atrium was the courtyard of the church or of a Roman house. In Christian architecture, having an axially planned church was symbolic of an ideal and this took form in a basilica. From the clerestory, or third window of the church, one might have a better view of the sunken panel located inside of the ceiling, as well as the entrance into catacombs. It was common for a lunette to be present over a doorway, a crescent-shaped space, inside of which paintings or sculptures were held. Some of the more famous sculptures from this period include the Four Tetrarchs, which came from the Late Antiquity period around 305 A.D. The Emperor Diocletian converted the empire of the time into four administrative units each of which were governed by a tetrarch. The porphyry group was shown as all four looking alike in the statues and artwork in order to suggest unity and stability. Constantine was able to defeat the former tetrarch Maxentius during the Battle of the Milvian Bridge. The defeat was captured in the beautiful sculpture. Another sculpture is the colossal head of Constantine, which came from the Late Antiquity period and is dated to between 310 and 330 A.D. His head is like many statues of Constantine which were designed with a message: the open and unblinking eyes were meant to tell his people that he was always watching. One of the more famous large artistic pieces is the Ravenna in the Mausoleum of Galla Placidia. This mausoleum is covered with a beautiful painting which takes up the lunette over the doorway. It is dated to between 425 and 500 A.D. A piece of famous architecture from this period is the Basilica of Constantine located in Trier in Germany. This building represents a great many of the famous Late Antiquity aspects, including the clerestory, the sunken ceiling panels, the lunette, the apse, and the ambulatory. Churches during this time used a chalice, or cup, during their ceremonies. It was also heavily integrated into the artwork which came from that period. They also used the first four books, or Gospels written by the Four Evangelists. In the artwork from this time period Matthew was construed as an eagle. Mark was painted as a lion. Luke was portrayed as a bull. John was also painted as an eagle. The mausoleums or tombs were another type of building modeled artistically after Roman buildings. They were important because the burials took place outside of the city walls, while Christian churches sought to memorialize the dead and simultaneously show how unimportant the physical body was by incorporating the bodies into the ceremonies. This can be found in many artistic pieces. Purple was the imperial color, something which is seen throughout the artwork from this period. The Porphyry stone was reserved for the emperors because it had that bright purple color so regularly associated with the leadership of the time. These 10 facts should give you a good idea about the art in late antiquity. You may also check our 20 subtopics on this matter and a guide on how to write an informative essay on it. References: Brown, Peter Robert Lamont.  The world of late antiquity, AD 150-750. Harcourt College Pub, 1971. Davies, Penelope. Janson’s History of Art: The Western Tradition (Upper Saddle River, NJ 2006. Doar, Bruce G. The Great Wall of China: Tangible, Intangible and Destructable.China Heritage Newsletter  1 (Mar.-Apr. 2010). Print. Edmunds, Richard L.  Northern Frontiers of Qing China and Tokugawa Japan: A Comparative Study of Frontier Policy. Rep. no. 213. Chicago: University of Chicago: Department of Geography, 1985. Print. Fowden, Garth.  Empire to commonwealth: consequences of monotheism in late antiquity. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1993. Mathews, Thomas F.  The clash of gods: a reinterpretation of early Christian art. Princeton University Press, 1999. Sambursky, Samuel.  The physical world of late antiquity. Princeton University Press, 2014.

Olivers ignorance Essay Example

Olivers ignorance Essay Example Olivers ignorance Essay Olivers ignorance Essay Essay Topic: Oliver Twist In both novels the sufferings by the main female and male characters are very similar. The main female character in Oliver Twist is Olivers mother. There is little told about her except the fact that she is dying from exhaustion from the journey to the workhouse and from giving birth to Oliver. The surgeon also discovers that she is not married, the old storyno wedding ring. I see Olivers father is unknown leaving the baby to be an orphan and the absence of wedding ring may suggest a poor relationship experienced. However, in Therese Raquin, Camilles mother, Mme Raquin does not experience death but his father is of absence as well. In this case, the poor relationship experienced is by another main female character, Camilles wife Therese. Zola ends the chapter by Thereses unusual responses, She cast a vague wandering look upon this wall, without a wordwent to bed in disdainful indifference. Therese has many thoughts before going to bed with her husband, Camille. The indifference of going to bed without joy every night resembles them experiencing a poor relationship. Thereses misery is caused by lack of love which may be due to Camilles sickness. Zola describes in the last paragraph, The husband who was always trembling with fever went to bed. By constantly dealing with fever, Camille is unable to take care of his wife or to show any love to her, this may be the reason why a poor relationship exists. Compared to Oliver Twist, there are no signs of concern shown by Olivers father as well. Both males are the cause of suffering to the females in the two novels. In earlier paragraphs an image of Camille is given, his face covered with red blotches, he resembled a sickly, spoilt child arrived at man hood. This phrase emphasizes the idea of Camille being physically like a child, however his languid manner showing absence of maturity to marriage also represents his cognitive abilities like a child. In Oliver Twist, the baby is also physically and emotionally like a child, both characters are associated with a sense of ignorance and innocence to the outside world. For example, Camille is unaware of his wifes wants while Oliver is unaware of his mothers death. Both characters are unaware of the consequences that their ignorance may bring. In the endings to both openings, the authors focus on a character to leave the reader with a feeling that something undesirable is going to happen. For example in Therese Raquin, Zola uses Therese, She remained there a few minutes facing the black wall, which ascends and stretched above the arcade. As Therese watches the black wall full of thoughts, by having the wall stretched and ascending, it represents her thoughts growing as well which may lead to consequences. In Oliver Twist, Dickens uses Oliver, If he could have known that he was an orphanperhaps he would have cried the louder. This is an example of Olivers ignorance. He is ignorant to the fact that he is an orphan but automatically, this makes the reader think that he will find out soon, therefore a sense of mystery is imposed on the readers.  The introductory chapters have started to unfold part of the story, hinting what is to come by introducing the main characters unfortunate living standards. This idea is effective because usually readers will associate a more joyous life with better living standards. By constantly emphasizing other elements such as poor living conditions the author succeeds in imposing this perspective.